A fundamental goal of synthetic biology is to predictably and efficiently reprogram cells to perform computations and carry out specific biological tasks 1. Cells genetically engineered with ...

What is hard about analyzing feedback circuits is the extraction from the circuit diagram of the simple block diagram found in active circuits and control textbooks. To start with a relatively easy ...

Output devices such as motors, solenoids, bulbs, buzzers, relays, LEDs, and 7-segment displays are used in many electronic circuits. Circuit diagrams illustrate how these devices are connected and ...

Because the wiring and the inputs and outputs (I/Os) are the most vulnerable elements in a system, be sure to locate and identify these elements in the problem circuit. Sometimes, the only way to test ...

The MM54C221/MM74C221 is a dual CMOS monostable multivibrator. Each one-shot has three inputs (A, B and CLR) and two outputs (Q and Q ). The output pulse width is set by an external RC network. The A ...

Programmable logic controller IO module. How hard is it to keep track of a binary electronic system? It can only be in one of two states: on or off, open or closed, 0 or 1. While that may be correct, ...

Systematic methodology is the key to quickly and effectively troubleshooting control circuits. Even the most experienced troubleshooter must rely on a systematic troubleshooting process to solve ...