Get the detailed quarterly/annual income statement for Ingersoll Rand Inc. (IR). Find out the revenue, expenses and profit or loss over the last fiscal year.

Optical sensors are a broad class of device for detecting light intensity. This can be just a simple component for notifying when ambient light levels rise above or fall below a prescribed level, or a ...

Infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy) is an optical technique that detects molecular bond vibrations and rotations upon absorption of infrared light. Because different chemical functional groups ...

Abstract: This article presents a photovoltaic module temperature estimation and sensor malfunction detection algorithm based on the Kalman filter. At a given instant, an initial estimate of the ...

Abstract: Reliable real-time monitoring of lithium-ion battery (LIB) status is critical for ensuring both safety and performance, particularly in densely packed module designs. However, conventional ...